Gestalt Principles
Group related elements
Proximity, similarity, and continuity help users perceive structure.
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Visual Hierarchy
Build visual hierarchy
Size, contrast, and spacing guide attention to what matters first.
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Progressive Disclosure
Reveal complexity gradually
Show essentials first; advanced options only when needed.
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Aesthetic–Usability Effect
Polish the visual layer
People perceive beautiful interfaces as easier to use — polish increases trust.
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